Integrated electrical and mechanical modelling of integrated-full-electric-propulsion systems

Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP) systems are the subject of much interest at present. Current research is focused on analysing and improving aspects of subsystem and system performance. However, there is a great need to look more widely at the `multi-physics' problem of characterising the dynamic interactions between the electrical and mechanical systems. This paper will discuss the changing nature of modelling and simulation to aid research into IFEP systems, outlining the alternative angle taken by the Advanced Marine Electrical Propulsion Systems (AMEPS) project to characterise and investigate electrical-mechanical system interactions. The paper will describe this approach and highlight the unique challenges associated with the problem, discussing the suitable methods that will be adopted to address these challenges. Finally, an overview of the present and future research opportunities facilitated via the AMEPS project will be presented

Emotions and Affect as Source, Outcome and Resistance to Inequality

While sociologists usually focus on the material aspects of inequality, its emotional outcomes are one of the reasons we care about it. People who occupy the lower positions in unequal social structures experience negative, impotent, and unengaged feelings that depress their quality of life. This chapter explores how affective meanings, transmitted by cultural systems and individual interactional experiences, help to create and re-create patterns of inequality. We first explore how affective meanings translate cultural sentiments into local interactions, creating inequality as it is experienced in everyday life. Self-identities and emotional responses of the stigmatized often reinforce these cultural responses, leading the disadvantaged to self-destructive responses. After discussing how affect and emotion create inequality, we discuss the related topic of how people experience structural emotions as a result of occupying a disadvantaged social position. We document the stress of not being able to verify valued identities or control life circumstances. Finally, we discuss the ways in which emotions can motivate people to resist inequality, by forming coalitions through affective commitments, by recognizing solidarity with other like-minded people in social movements, and by forming subcultures where affective meanings can generate positive structural emotions